Relationship of Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division

Inverse relationship of Addition and Subtraction

    There is an inverse relationship between addition and subtraction.

    If a math fact is considered, for example 4 + 6 = 10. Then the following are also true:

        * 10 - 4 = 6
        * 10 - 6 = 4

    Similar relationships exist for subtraction, for example 10 - 4 = 6. Then the following are also true:

        * 4 + 6 = 10
        * 6 + 4 = 10

    The reason for this is that we are dealing with an equation. An equation is balanced or the same on either side of the equals (=) sign. If exactly the same thing is done to both sides of the equation, it will still be balanced or equal.


Multiplying by Repeated Addition

    The result of multiplication is the total number (product) that would be obtained by combining several (multiplier) groups of similar size (multiplicand). The same result can be obtained by repeated addition. If we are combining 6 groups with 4 objects in each group, we could arrive at the same answer by addition. For example, 4+4+4+4+4+4=24 is same as the multiplication equation 6*4=24.

in this example : 6*4=24

6 is the multiplier
4 is the multiplicand
24 is the  product


Dividing by Repeated Subtractions

    The result of division is to separate a group of objects into several equal smaller groups. The starting group is called the dividend. The number of groups that are separated out is called the divisor. The number of objects in each smaller group is called the quotient.

ex: 24 divided by 6 (24 / 6 = 4)
24 is the Divident
6 is the divisor
and the quotient is 4

Which means 24 can be divided into 4 equal parts of 6 each.

    The results of division can be obtained by repeated subtraction. If we are separating 24 objects into 4 equal groups of six, we would take (or subtract) six objects at a time from the large group and place them in 4 equal groups. In mathematical terms this would be: 24-6-6-6-6.